Microsoft's Windows 10 and Apple's IOS 8.4.1 operating systems have driven a new wave of upgrades for PCs and mobile phones. Various APPs with the latest functions and the highest applications have come into view one after another, and we are living in artificial colors. , I found out after the excitement that these highly tempting experiences took so much time, and the next round of upgrades was still exchanged.
The industrial computer industry is also unwilling to be lonely. The Germans shouted their own concept of Industry 4.0 in an attempt to lead the next wave of manufacturing trends. Come to think of it calmly, there are a few problems here that the Germans say they can't do. , the technical system of Industry 4.0, which consists of machinery, electronics and software. Germany's strength lies in machinery manufacturing, while in electronics and software, there are few international leading companies, and Siemens alone is struggling. Second, M2M machine-to-machine and CPS cyber-physical fusion system are not weak in Germany, and their applications are relatively comprehensive, forming a strong material basis for Industry 4.0. However, in terms of Internet standards, software technology, and systems, only a few companies such as SAP play a leading role in some industries. If the world pattern is used as the background, it is a bit of a pediatrician. Third, Germany's future scientific and technological research and practice are far behind the United States and cannot support the grand plan of Industry 4.0. Let's put it this way, without the American ideology, software and innovation system, without Japan's electronics, production management and core technologies, a German family cannot play the super chariot of Industry 4.0.
So why are the Germans so loudly advocating Industry 4.0? Find a way. Among the developed countries, only Germany's manufacturing GDP accounts for more than 25%. The manufacturing industry affects the rise and fall of Germany, and the rise and fall of Germany also involves the advance and retreat of the European Union (Austria in the German-speaking area is also similar, but the economy is small, and it is very important to the world's manufacturing industry. The industry structure has a very weak impact). Based on employment and economic stability, developed countries such as the United States are experiencing a surge in the return of high-end manufacturing, which poses a great threat to Germany's high-end manufacturing. The rise of middle developed countries such as China is also swallowing up the tower base market dominated by German companies. What's more, from the perspective of global education, culture, population, market volume, innovation and other comprehensive factors, Germany's global voice is becoming weaker day by day. After holding back for a long time, the German government and enterprises finally came up with a very scary Industry 4.0 "paper tiger".
From a conceptual point of view, Industry 4.0 is exaggerated and can be regarded as Industry 2.0. At most, it can wear the high hat of Industry 3.0. Steam engine, electricity and automation, these three generations of industrial technology can be classified as one generation, why? Because technological progress is cumulative, there is no dramatic effect of subversion. However, coal-fired technology has advanced, and the diversity of energy sources has increased, and the changes perceived visually are far greater than the changes in technological connotation. To be more precise, steam engines, electricity, and automation all have the same purpose: to replace human beings, to replace human muscle power with more powerful machine power, and to expand the rhythm and space of human activities.
Now, with the advent of intelligence, equipment and equipment, factories and factories, industries and industries, and between, relying on the unified platform of the Internet, and using the timely communication and sharing of information technology, can effectively allocate global resources, with a smaller investment, generate Greater output is still the most classic approach in economics. On the one hand, human beings are figuring out how to get more benefits from it, liberate people from mechanical labor, and give full play to their creativity; on the other hand, we are faced with how to avoid unemployment and other disasters and prevent a new generation of Ludd Molecular resentment builds up massively. This is like a big battle of left-handed and right-handed fighting.
From a practical point of view, the relationship between people and the world is still at the level of demand: less input, more and better output. Mass production keeps improving the quality of products and services while lowering product prices. Ordinary people have enjoyed the riches of the past decades. This is a leap-forward development of human dignity. Among them, technology, capital, craftsmanship, assembly line, and lean management have become the core driving forces for enterprise development, economic growth and people's livelihood improvement. Even in the development of China, only a small part of our happiness and suffering is related to materials, and more is related to the material acquisition and distribution system. The super-material generating machine of Industry 4.0 has obvious boosting power for fairness, justice and justice, but it cannot play a decisive role.
Ideologically speaking, Industry 4.0 has not touched on the solution of the contradiction between technological progress and sufficient employment. Many educational levels cannot keep up with the speed of technological progress, resulting in the tragedy of machines replacing people. More advanced technology and equipment, generating higher productivity, GDP and wealth, are increasingly falling into the pockets of capital, entrepreneurs and highly skilled individuals. The faster the technological progress, the greater the social income gap, and if forcibly helping the disadvantaged, it will lead to social laziness, greed and corrupt habits. Obviously, the concept of Industry 4.0 does not propose a package solution centered on the employment and dignity of ordinary people. For a country with a high-level labor force like Germany, it may not hurt much, but for many underdeveloped countries, will Industry 4.0 be a blitzkrieg that destroys the foundation of industry and people's livelihood?
The profits of the manufacturing industry are too thin, and capital, talents and social attention are far less popular than the artificial intelligence and information technology industries. Therefore, the manufacturing industry is also thinking about how to transform itself with new technologies, improve profitability, and gain the favor of capital. After entering a few production lines of industrial robots, adding a set of management software for automatic information processing, and stepping into the B2B or B2C e-commerce field, he shouted that he had entered the new world of Industry 4.0. Xiangzhuang danced his sword to Peigong , anyone with eyes can see this.
If we use the division method of Industry 4.0, many of our enterprises are still on the edge of 2.0 and 3.0, let's say Industry 2.5. So, how do we go from 2.5 to 4.0? Step by step, embedded systems are widely used. Every machine and every system has an intelligent head to execute production and management instructions. This cost is probably worth trillions of yuan. It takes us to tighten our belts for decades to pay off the investment costs. Who would do it? The second step is to introduce an automated management system to transform the existing management methods, decision-making mechanisms and social division of labor system. This is a big movement of the whole society. Who has such great determination and patience? The third step is to form globally accepted software and hardware standards, so that the synergy between industries and regions can be brought into play in domestic and international production capacity. How much appeal and influence does this require?
Industry 4.0, regardless of true or false, is not easy to move. It requires huge financial power, technological advancement, industrial discourse power, and cultural dominance. In these four aspects, the United States is the most powerful. Why not send out the cry of Industry 4.0? The manufacturing industry is only about 10% of the US GDP. Even if there is a strong return, it will rise to about 12% at most, which is not enough to change the internal quality and external pattern of the US economy. Moreover, the United States has firmly grasped the authority of software systems and innovative mechanisms, waiting for others to practice Industry 4.0, and then they are waiting for opportunities to catch up while making huge profits.
Shall we follow up? Heart, don't rush to act, let alone move. In addition to high requirements for technology, equipment and systems, Industry 4.0 also places high expectations on education and culture. It requires an education system that produces a large number of "all-rounders" who are proficient in one technology, proficient in interdisciplinary fields, have good artistic and literary qualities, and demonstrate high leadership and management skills. Our test-based education system requires at least several generations of hard work, in order to have the opportunity to continuously cultivate such talents. Without such an all-rounder, even giving you all the hardware and software required for Industry 4.0 will not solve the big problems of talent, efficiency, employment and equality.
So are we just waiting for the Industry 4.0 opportunity to disappear before our eyes? Don't be so discouraged, talk less about fashionable concepts, and do more of the things in front of you. For manufacturing enterprises that are mainly standardized products, it is still necessary to do a good job in process management, process improvement, quality control and product design, do a good job in the basic skills of Industry 2.0, and move towards Industry 3.0 step by step. This is not only shameful, but also Can solve many employment problems. In Industry 2.0, the spirit of craftsmanship is the first among them.
For warehousing and logistics, high-end manufacturing and other enterprises, they must keep up with the pace of Industry 3.0, aiming at the big goal of 4.0, in the design and application of internal automation processes, the informatization docking and strategic cooperation of external industrial chains, and practical Carry out a strategy, process, organization and management transformation. Technology and equipment can only be used by people, and the effectiveness of people is determined by the organization behind it.
Our vision must go beyond the narrow horizon of technical concepts and look through the universe of industrial patterns, organizational management and strategic trade-offs. With 1.3 billion people and more than 60 trillion GDP, such a big game of chess and a few more industrial 4.0 vehicles will only quench our temporary thirst and cannot achieve our endogenous ability to win chess. Based on the basic manufacturing of industrial products 2.0 and 3.0, and immersed in creating the innovative mechanism, education system and innovative cultural environment required by Industry 4.0, our generation has made a good start, and the baton has been passed on steadily from generation to generation. Regardless of whether the new concept of 5.0 or 10.0 emerges in the manufacturing industry, we can definitely stand on the trend and benefit the world with the integration of the wisdom of the East and the technology and management of the West.
